netbox-docker/README.md

# netbox-docker

[![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/ninech/netbox-docker.svg?branch=master)][travis]

This repository houses the components needed to build NetBox as a Docker container.
Images built using this code are released to [Docker Hub][netbox-dockerhub] every night.

[travis]: https://travis-ci.org/ninech/netbox-docker
[netbox-dockerhub]: https://hub.docker.com/r/ninech/netbox/tags/

## Quickstart

To get NetBox up and running:

```
$ git clone -b master https://github.com/ninech/netbox-docker.git
$ cd netbox-docker
$ docker-compose pull
$ docker-compose up -d
```

The application will be available after a few minutes.
Use `docker-compose port nginx 8080` to find out where to connect to.

```
$ echo "http://$(docker-compose port nginx 8080)/"
http://0.0.0.0:32768/

# Open netbox in your default browser on macOS:
$ open "http://$(docker-compose port nginx 8080)/"

# Open netbox in your default browser on (most) linuxes:
$ xdg-open "http://$(docker-compose port nginx 8080)/" &>/dev/null &
```

Alternatively, use something like [Reception][docker-reception] to connect to _docker-compose_ projects.

Default credentials:

* Username: **admin**
* Password: **admin**
* API Token: **0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef01234567**

[docker-reception]: https://github.com/ninech/reception

## Dependencies

This project relies only on *Docker* and *docker-compose* meeting this requirements:

* The *Docker version* must be at least `1.13.0`.
* The *docker-compose version* must be at least `1.10.0`.

To ensure this, compare the output of `docker --version` and `docker-compose --version` with the requirements above.

## Configuration

You can configure the app using environment variables. These are defined in `netbox.env`.
Read [Environment Variables in Compose][compose-env] to understand about the various possibilities to overwrite these variables.
(The easiest solution being simply adjusting that file.)

To find all possible variables, have a look at the [configuration.docker.py][docker-config] and [docker-entrypoint.sh][entrypoint] files.
Generally, the environment variables are called the same as their respective NetBox configuration variables.
Variables which are arrays are usually composed by putting all the values into the same environment variables with the values separated by a whitespace ("` `").
For example defining `ALLOWED_HOSTS=localhost ::1 127.0.0.1` would allows access to NetBox through `http://localhost:8080`, `http://[::1]:8080` and `http://127.0.0.1:8080`.

[compose-env]: https://docs.docker.com/compose/environment-variables/

### Production

The default settings are optimized for (local) development environments.
You should therefore adjust the configuration for production setups, at least the following variables:

* `ALLOWED_HOSTS`: Add all URLs that lead to your NetBox instance.
* `DB_*`: Use a persistent database.
* `EMAIL_*`: Use your own mailserver.
* `MAX_PAGE_SIZE`: Use the recommended default of 1000.
* `SUPERUSER_*`: Only define those variables during the initial setup, and drop them once the DB is set up.

### Running on Docker Swarm / Kubernetes / OpenShift

You may run this image in a cluster such as Docker Swarm, Kubernetes or OpenShift, but this is advanced level.

In this case, we encourage you to statically configure NetBox by starting from [NetBox's example config file][default-config], and mounting it into your container in the directory `/etc/netbox/config/` using the mechanism provided by your container platform (i.e. [Docker Swarm configs][swarm-config], [Kubernetes ConfigMap][k8s-config], [OpenShift ConfigMaps][openshift-config]).

But if you rather continue to configure your application through environment variables, you may continue to use [the built-in configuration file][docker-config].
We discourage storing secrets in environment variables, as environment variable are passed on to all sub-processes and may leak easily into other systems, e.g. error collecting tools that often collect all environment variables whenever an error occurs.

Therefore we *strongly advise* to make use of the secrets mechanism provided by your container platform (i.e. [Docker Swarm secrets][swarm-secrets], [Kubernetes secrets][k8s-secrets], [OpenShift secrets][openshift-secrets]).
[The configuration file][docker-config] and [the entrypoint script][entrypoint] try to load the following secrets from the respective files.
If a secret is defined by an environment variable and in the respective file at the same time, then the value from the environment variable is used.

* `SUPERUSER_PASSWORD`: `/run/secrets/superuser_password`
* `SUPERUSER_API_TOKEN`: `/run/secrets/superuser_api_token`
* `DB_PASSWORD`: `/run/secrets/db_password`
* `SECRET_KEY`: `/run/secrets/secret_key`
* `EMAIL_PASSWORD`: `/run/secrets/email_password`
* `NAPALM_PASSWORD`: `/run/secrets/napalm_password`

Please also consider [the advice about running NetBox in production](#production) above!

[docker-config]: https://github.com/ninech/netbox-docker/blob/master/docker/configuration.docker.py
[default-config]: https://github.com/digitalocean/netbox/blob/develop/netbox/netbox/configuration.example.py
[entrypoint]: https://github.com/ninech/netbox-docker/blob/master/docker/docker-entrypoint.sh
[swarm-config]: https://docs.docker.com/engine/swarm/configs/
[swarm-secrets]: https://docs.docker.com/engine/swarm/secrets/
[openshift-config]: https://docs.openshift.org/latest/dev_guide/configmaps.html
[openshift-secrets]: https://docs.openshift.org/latest/dev_guide/secrets.html
[k8s-secrets]: https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/configuration/secret/
[k8s-config]: https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/configure-pod-configmap/

#### Example Kubernetes Deployment

Check out the project:
```
git clone https://github.com/ninech/netbox-docker.git
cd netbox-docker/kubernetes
```

Fill in the configuration parameters:
  * In `netbox.yaml`,
    * Set environment variables in the `netbox-netbox-env` ConfigMap and the `netbox-netbox-secrets` Secret. Secrets must be base64 encoded first (see the inline comments).
    * Change the `DB_HOST` environment parameter to be the DNS name (from inside the cluster) for the postgres db. This probably just involves adding the namespace.
    * Set the `storageClassName` if required in your cluster.
  * In `postgres,yaml`, set the `POSTGRES_PASSWORD` to match `netbox.yaml`.

Deploy to kubernetes:
```
kubectl apply -f .
```

### NAPALM Configuration

Since v2.1.0 NAPALM has been tightly integrated into NetBox.
NAPALM allows NetBox to fetch live data from devices and return it to a requester via its REST API.
To learn more about what NAPALM is and how it works, please see the documentation from the [libary itself][napalm-doc] or the documentation from [NetBox][netbox-napalm-doc] on how it is integrated.

To enable this functionality, simply complete the following lines in `netbox.env` (or appropriate secrets mechanism) :

* `NAPALM_USERNAME`: A common username that can be utilized for connecting to network devices in your environment.
* `NAPALM_PASSWORD`: The password to use in combintation with the username to connect to network devices.
* `NAPALM_TIMEOUT`: A value to use for when an attempt to connect to a device will timeout if no response has been recieved.

However, if you don't need this functionality, leave these blank.

[napalm-doc]: http://napalm.readthedocs.io/en/latest/index.html
[netbox-napalm-doc]: https://netbox.readthedocs.io/en/latest/configuration/optional-settings/#napalm_username

### Custom Initialization Code (e.g. Automatically Setting Up Custom Fields)

When using `docker-compose`, all the python scripts present in `/opt/netbox/startup_scripts` will automatically be executed after the application boots in the context of `./manage.py`.

That mechanism can be used for many things, e.g. to create NetBox custom fields:

```python
# docker/startup_scripts/load_custom_fields.py
from django.contrib.contenttypes.models import ContentType
from extras.models import CF_TYPE_TEXT, CustomField

from dcim.models import Device
from dcim.models import DeviceType

device      = ContentType.objects.get_for_model(Device)
device_type = ContentType.objects.get_for_model(DeviceType)

my_custom_field, created = CustomField.objects.get_or_create(
    type=CF_TYPE_TEXT,
    name='my_custom_field',
    description='My own custom field'
)

if created:
  my_custom_field.obj_type.add(device)
  my_custom_field.obj_type.add(device_type)
```

#### Initializers

Initializers are built-in startup scripts for defining NetBox custom fields, groups and users.
All you need to do is to mount you own `initializers` folder ([see `docker-compose.yml`][netbox-docker-compose]).
Look at the [`initializers` folder][netbox-docker-initializers] to learn how the files must look like.

Here's an example for defining a custom field:

```yaml
# initializers/custom_fields.yml
text_field:
  type: text
  label: Custom Text
  description: Enter text in a text field.
  required: false
  filterable: true
  weight: 0
  on_objects:
  - dcim.models.Device
  - dcim.models.Rack
  - ipam.models.IPAddress
  - ipam.models.Prefix
  - tenancy.models.Tenant
  - virtualization.models.VirtualMachine
```

[netbox-docker-initializers]: https://github.com/ninech/netbox-docker/tree/master/initializers
[netbox-docker-compose]: https://github.com/ninech/netbox-docker/blob/master/docker-compose.yml

#### Custom Docker Image

You can also build your own NetBox Docker image containing your own startup scripts, custom fields, users and groups
like this:

```
ARG VERSION=latest
FROM ninech/netbox:$VERSION

COPY startup_scripts/ /opt/netbox/startup_scripts/
COPY initializers/ /opt/netbox/initializers/
```

## Netbox Version

The `docker-compose.yml` file is prepared to run a specific version of NetBox.
To use this feature, set the environment-variable `VERSION` before launching `docker-compose`, as shown below.
`VERSION` may be set to the name of
[any tag of the `ninech/netbox` Docker image on Docker Hub][netbox-dockerhub].

```
$ export VERSION=v2.2.6
$ docker-compose pull netbox
$ docker-compose up -d
```

You can also build a specific version of the NetBox image. This time, `VERSION` indicates any valid
[Git Reference][git-ref] declared on [the 'digitalocean/netbox' Github repository][netbox-github].
Most commonly you will specify a tag or branch name.

```
$ export VERSION=develop
$ docker-compose build --no-cache netbox
$ docker-compose up -d
```

Hint: If you're building a specific version by tag name, the `--no-cache` argument is not strictly necessary.
This can increase the build speed if you're just adjusting the config, for example.

[git-ref]: https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Internals-Git-References
[netbox-github]: https://github.com/digitalocean/netbox/releases

### LDAP enabled variant

The images tagged with "-ldap" contain anything necessary to authenticate against an LDAP or Active Directory server.
The default configuration `ldap_config.py` is prepared for use with an Active Directory server.
Custom values can be injected using environment variables, similar to the main configuration mechanisms.

## Troubleshooting

This section is a collection of some common issues and how to resolve them.
If your issue is not here, look through [the existing issues][issues] and eventually create a new issue.

[issues]: (https://github.com/ninech/netbox-docker/issues)

### Docker Compose basics

* You can see all running containers belonging to this project using `docker-compose ps`.
* You can see the logs by running `docker-compose logs -f`.
  Running `docker-compose logs -f netbox` will just show the logs for netbox.
* You can stop everything using `docker-compose stop`.
* You can clean up everything using `docker-compose down -v --remove-orphans`. **This will also remove any related data.**
* You can enter the shell of the running NetBox container using `docker-compose exec netbox /bin/bash`. Now you have access to `./manage.py`, e.g. to reset a password.
* To access the database run `docker-compose exec postgres sh -c 'psql -U $POSTGRES_USER $POSTGRES_DB'`
* To create a database backup run `docker-compose exec postgres sh -c 'pg_dump -cU $POSTGRES_USER $POSTGRES_DB' | gzip > db_dump.sql.gz`
* To restore that database backup run `gunzip -c db_dump.sql.gz | docker exec -i $(docker-compose ps -q postgres) sh -c 'psql -U $POSTGRES_USER $POSTGRES_DB'`.

### Getting a "Bad Request (400)"

> When connecting to the NetBox instance, I get a "Bad Request (400)" error.

This usually happens when the `ALLOWED_HOSTS` variable is not set correctly.

### How to upgrade

> How do I update to a newer version?

It should be sufficient to pull the latest image from Docker Hub, stopping the container and starting it up again:

```bash
docker-compose pull netbox
docker-compose stop netbox
docker-compose rm -f netbox
docker-compose up -d netbox
```

### Breaking Changes

From time to time it might become necessary to re-order the structure of the container.
Things like the `docker-compose.yml` file or your Kubernets or OpenShift configurations have to be adjusted as a consequence.
Since April 2018 each image built from this repo contains a `NETBOX_DOCKER_PROJECT_VERSION` label.
You can check the label of your local image by running `docker inspect ninech/netbox:v2.3.1 --format "{{json .ContainerConfig.Labels}}"`.

The following is a list of breaking changes:

* 0.2.0: Re-organized paths: `/etc/netbox -> /etc/netbox/config` and `/etc/reports -> /etc/netbox/reports`. Fixes [#54](https://github.com/ninech/netbox-docker/issues/54).
* 0.1.0: Introduction of the `NETBOX_DOCKER_PROJECT_VERSION`. (Not a breaking change per se.)

## Rebuilding & Publishing images

`./build.sh` is used to rebuild the Docker image:

```
$ ./build.sh --help
Usage: ./build.sh <branch> [--push]
  branch  The branch or tag to build. Required.
  --push  Pushes built Docker image to docker hub.

You can use the following ENV variables to customize the build:
  BRANCH   The branch to build.
           Also used for tagging the image.
  DOCKER_REPO The Docker registry (i.e. hub.docker.com/r/DOCKER_REPO/netbox)
           Also used for tagging the image.
           Default: ninech
  SRC_REPO Which fork of netbox to use (i.e. github.com/<SRC_REPO>/netbox).
           Default: digitalocean
  URL      Where to fetch the package from.
           Must be a tar.gz file of the source code.
           Default: https://github.com/${SRC_REPO}/netbox/archive/$BRANCH.tar.gz
```

## Tests

To run the test coming with NetBox, use the `docker-compose.test.yml` file as such:

```
$ docker-compose -f docker-compose.test.yml run --rm app
```

## About

This repository is currently maintained and funded by [nine](https://nine.ch), your cloud navigator.

[![logo of the company 'nine'](https://logo.apps.at-nine.ch/Dmqied_eSaoBMQwk3vVgn4UIgDo=/trim/500x0/logo_claim.png)](https://www.nine.ch)